Microsurgery

Microsurgery

Microsurgery is one of the most important subbranches of plastic surgery. Plastic surgery closes many unclosed wounds by using microsurgical methods and transporting various distant tissues along with their vessels.

Microsurgery , which is the sub-branch of plastic surgery where the finest surgical techniques and instruments are used, is a field in which vessels and nerves are stitched with stitches almost thinner than a hair, distant tissue transplants are made from one place to another in the body, or severed limbs are stitched back together.

In order to perform such fine work in microsurgery , a long period of experience and special surgical instruments are required. Again, with the help of a magnifying microscope or glasses called loupes, fine details in the tissue can be seen.

Image Note: Plastic surgery assistant receives microsurgery training in the simulator.

Although vascular and nerve repairs were tried in ancient times, real microsurgery surgeries began to be performed in the early 1900s.

During microsurgery surgeries, very thin and sensitive instruments are used in all procedures, unlike those used in normal surgeries. In order to enlarge the surgical area, it is viewed with devices called operating microscopes or their portable magnifying glasses called loupes. Learning microsurgery requires effort and time and there is a certain learning curve. Today, most plastic surgeons graduate from their clinics by receiving microsurgery training.

Image Note: A vascular repair operation performed with stitches thinner than a hair in a vascular simulator

Microsurgery is one of the most important subbranches of plastic surgery. Plastic surgery closes many unclosed wounds by using microsurgical methods and transporting various distant tissues along with their vessels. This type of tissue transport is vital to ensure function and aesthetics in patients with tissue deficiencies due to congenital, trauma, or cancer surgery. Microsurgery is alsoan important assistant to hand surgery, which is another sub-branch in plastic surgery .

Considering the general field of medicine, microsurgery is mainly used in the treatment of the following problems:

1. Vascular and nerve repairs in hand and upper extremity injuries and limb amputations
2. Transporting a free tissue called a flap with its vein from a distant area to the wound to close open wounds that occur as a result of cancer surgeries or trauma (such as work or traffic accidents) in the body.
3. Providing blood supply to the tissues prepared from the body to recreate the breast in a patient whose breast has been removed due to cancer.
4. Eye cataract surgeries
5. Surgeries performed in the treatment of herniated disc
6. In urology, varicocele surgeries are performed on thinner veins.
7. Surgical treatment of intracranial vascular aneurysms

Microsurgery is not a completely risk-free surgery when applied to the veins. The patient's previous metabolic and internal diseases (such as diabetes, hypertension) may increase the tendency for blood to clot and cause blockage in the vascular repair area. This situation may require renewal of vascular repair in the operating room, especially in the case of finger and hand avulsions or the transfer of free tissues prepared with blood vessels in the body. Despite this, tissue losses may occur.

Image Note: Biomicroscope used in surgeries.

Hair transplantation surgery, which is actually performed in aesthetic plastic surgery today, can also be seen as a result of microsurgery techniques. In hair transplantation, after the hair patches are taken, they are separated under the microscope and prepared as single, double, triple patches and transplantation is performed on the hairless recipient area. These are all very delicate processes and magnification systems are also used in this process. For detailed information on this subject, please review the hair restoration page.